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Syslog Configuration Debugging

News Syslog Configuration Syslog Configuration Examples logger Messages Classification Remote Syslog Etc

syslog has a debugging mechanism that allows the UNIX administrator to trace the emergence and flow of syslog messages.

Syslog is debugged in two parts:

Follow this procedure to turn on syslog debugging.

  1. Kill syslogd process with a kill -15 pid command.
     
  2. Restart syslogd with the command /usr/sbin/syslogd -d. This will start syslogd in debug mode. syslogd will first read its configuration file and write output similar to the following:

    # /usr/sbin/syslogd -d
    getnets() found 1 addresses, they are: 0.0.0.0.2.2
    amiloghost() testing 127.0.0.1.2.2
    I am loghost
    amiloghost() testing 127.0.0.1.2.2
    nlogs 6

    The next section is syslogd reading from syslog.conf.

    cfline(*.err;kern.notice;auth.notice              /dev/console)
    cfline(*.err;kern.debug;daemon.notice;mail.crit   /var/adm/messages)
    cfline(*.alert;kern.err;daemon.err                operator)
    cfline(*.alert                                    root)
    cfline(*.emerg                                    *)
    cfline(mail.debug                                 /var/log/syslog)

    Here, syslogd prints version information.

    syslogd: version 1.59
    Started: Fri May 15 21:07:26 1998
    Input message count: system 0, network 0

    This section is a matrix of inputs and outputs. The value in each position represents the minimum severity level (7 = debug, 6 = info, 5 = notice, 4 = warning, 3 = err, 2 = crit, 1 = alert, 0 = emerg, x = nothing). Each column is a different service (left to right: kern, user, mail, daemon, auth, lpr, news, uucp, cron, local0-local7, mark). Each row represents a different output (a file or user).

    # Outputs: 6
    5 3 3 3 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 X CONSOLE: /dev/console
    7 3 2 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 X FILE: /var/adm/messages
    3 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 X USERS: operator
    1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 X USERS: root
    0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X WALL:
    X X 7 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FILE: /var/log/syslog
    Per File Statistics
    File                Tot    Dups    Nofwd   Errs
    ----                ---    ----    -----   ----
    /dev/console         0       0       0       0
    /var/adm/messages    0       0       0       0
    operator             0       0       0       0
    root                 0       0       0       0
    WALL                 0       0       0       0
    /var/log/syslog      0       0       0       0
    syslogd: restarted
    off & running....
    Logging to FILE /var/adm/messages
    Logging to FILE /var/adm/messages
  3. Wait for or cause events that will log to syslog.

    Example 1: The following command is run
    logger -p auth.notice "This is a test."

    and then syslogd in debug mode will display

    Logging to CONSOLE /dev/console

    and the following text will appear on the console window.

    May 15 16:21:31 alpha pete: This is a test.
    

    Example 2: the following command is run

    logger -p mail.crit "This is the next test."
    

    and then syslogd in debug mode will display

    Logging to FILE /var/adm/messages

    and the following entry will be written to /var/adm/messages.

    May 15 16:21:49 alpha pete: This is the next test.
    
  4. To stop testing syslog, press ^C in the window where syslogd is running in debug mode. syslog will display the following message:
    ^Csyslogd: going down on signal 2
    syslogd: going down on signal 2
    #
  5. Restart syslogd in normal mode via startup scripts.
     

Note: syslogd should be run in debug mode only interactively. The system will hang if syslogd is run in debug mode in the system startup scripts (usually /etc/rc2.d/ S74syslog ).



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Last modified: March 12, 2019