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Softpanorama |
May the source be with you, but remember the KISS principle ;-)
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Due to the volume of material all information about Solaris IP configuration is now moved to network configuration page.
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31 Jul 2007 | www.ibm.com/developerworks
If you manage systems and networks, you need Expect.
More precisely, why would you want to be without Expect? It saves hours common tasks otherwise demand. Even if you already depend on Expect, though, you might not be aware of the capabilities described below.
Expect automates command-line interactions
You don't have to understand all of Expect to begin profiting from the tool; let's start with a concrete example of how Expect can simplify your work on AIX® or other operating systems:
Suppose you have logins on several UNIX® or UNIX-like hosts and you need to change the passwords of these accounts, but the accounts are not synchronized by Network Information Service (NIS), Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), or some other mechanism that recognizes you're the same person logging in on each machine. Logging in to a specific host and running the appropriate
passwdcommand doesn't take long—probably only a minute, in most cases. And you must log in "by hand," right, because there's no way to script your password?Wrong. In fact, the standard Expect distribution (full distribution) includes a command-line tool (and a manual page describing its use!) that precisely takes over this chore.
passmass(see Resources) is a short script written in Expect that makes it as easy to change passwords on twenty machines as on one. Rather than retyping the same password over and over, you can launchpassmassonce and let your desktop computer take care of updating each individual host. You save yourself enough time to get a bit of fresh air, and multiple opportunities for the frustration of mistyping something you've already entered.This
passmassapplication is an excellent model—it illustrates many of Expect's general properties:
- It's a great return on investment: The utility is already written, freely downloadable, easy to install and use, and saves time and effort.
- Its contribution is "superficial," in some sense. If everything were "by the book"—if you had NIS or some other domain authentication or single sign-on system in place—or even if login could be scripted, there'd be no need for
passmass. The world isn't polished that way, though, and Expect is very handy for grabbing on to all sorts of sharp edges that remain. Maybe Expect will help you create enough free time to rationalize your configuration so that you no longer need Expect. In the meantime, take advantage of it.- As distributed,
passmassonly logs in by way oftelnet,rlogin, orslogin. I hope all current developerWorks readers have abandoned these protocols forssh, whichpassmasssdoes not fully support.- On the other hand, almost everything having to do with Expect is clearly written and freely available. It only takes three simple lines (at most) to enhance
passmassto respectsshand other options.You probably know enough already to begin to write or modify your own Expect tools. As it turns out, the
passmassdistribution actually includes code to log in by means ofssh, but omits the command-line parsing to reach that code. Here's one way you might modify the distribution source to putsshon the same footing astelnetand the other protocols:
Listing 1. Modified passmass fragment that accepts the -ssh argument
...
} "-rlogin" {
set login "rlogin"
continue
} "-slogin" {
set login "slogin"
continue
} "-ssh" {
set login "ssh"
continue
} "-telnet" {
set login "telnet"
continue
...
In my own code, I actually factor out more of this "boilerplate." For now, though, this cascade of tests, in the vicinity of line #100 of
passmass, gives a good idea of Expect's readability. There's no deep programming here—no need for object-orientation, monadic application, co-routines, or other subtleties. You just ask the computer to take over typing you usually do for yourself. As it happens, this small step represents many minutes or hours of human effort saved.
tutorial articles in this section describe TCP/IP and related protocols as sequence diagrams. (The sequence diagrams were generated using EventStudio System Designer 2.5).
[Dec 6, 2005] TCP-IP Stack Hardening
[Dec 6, 2005] Daryl's TCP-IP Primer Good and up-to-date primer...
[Mar 19, 2005] TCP-IP Protocol Sequence Diagrams
Articles in this section describe TCP/IP and related protocols as sequence diagrams.
(The sequence diagrams were generated using EventStudio).
WANdoc Open Source Perl=based
WANdoc Open Source is free software that generates interactive documentation for large Cisco networks. It uses syslog and router configuration files to produce summarized, hyperlinked, and error- checked router information. It speeds up the WAN troubleshooting process and identifies inconsistencies in router deployment.
SecuriTeam.com ™ (Archive) - Security News
Understanding IP
Addressing Everything You Ever Wanted To Know - By Chuck Semeria -- good
tutorial from 3COM. This white paper is now
available in the 3 pdf's below.
Pages 1 - 21
Pages 22 - 43
Pages 44 - 65
TCP/IP online books Free TCP/IP online books
AW • Professional - Networking Series Catalog Page Books from Addison Wesley, a respected name in technical publication.
Bill Stallings: Home Page Web Site for the Books of William Stallings
Douglas Comer This is the home page of Douglas Comer, the author of the book "Internetworking with TCP/IP".
Illustrated TCP/IP Online version of the book "Illustrated TCP/IP", by Matthew G. Naugle, published by Wiley Computer Publishing, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Internet Companion Online version of the book "The Internet Companion". This book explains the basics of communication on the Internet and the applications available
Internetworking Multimedia This is a online book covering multimedia communication using the Internet
McGraw Hill Networking books A search on networking books published by McGraw Hill.
McGraw-Hill - Bet@ Books Free online prerelease versions of many new books on networking and other topics.
The Mechanics of Routing Protocols An online book published by Cisco Press.
The Network Book A comprehensive introduction to network and distributed computing technologies online
Network Reading List: TCP/IP,UNIX and Ethernet Compilation of links on the Internet relating to TCP/IP, Unix and Ethernet
Networking and Communications Prentice Hall Professional Technical Reference: Special Interests
Routing in the Internet A very comprehensive book on routing, written by Christian Huitema, from the Internet Architecture Board. A must read for those interested on routing protocols
Routing Information Protocols The Network Book, Chapter 3, Section 3. This document is part of the Network Book
TCP/IP and Data Communications Administration Guide An online book, in PDF format, explaining how to setup, maintain and expand a network using the Solaris implementation of the TCP/IP protocols
TCP/IP Network Administration, 2nd Edition Clearly written, this book is a good introduction to the TCP/IP protocols and practical applications.
Troubleshooting TCP/IP This is a sample chapter from the book "Windows NT TCP/IP Network Administration", published by OґReilly and associates which explains how to solve problems related to TCP/IP in a Windows NT environment
Understanding Networking Technologies Online course providing training on a host of networking topics.
Windows NT TCP/IP Network Administration O'Reilly publication covering TCP/IP and NT
Wireless Networking Handbook Online version of the book "Wireless Networking Handbook" by Jim Geier, and published by New Riders, Macmillan Computer Publishing
MCI Arms ISPs with Means to Counterattack Hackers
MCI Arms ISPs with Means to Counterattack Hackers [October 9] MCI introduced today a security product designed to help Internet Service Providers detect network intruders.
The networkMCI DoS (Denial of Service) Tracker constantly monitors the network and then once a denial of service attack has been detected, the product immediately works to trace the root of the attack.
The product is designed to eliminate the time technical engineers spend manually searching for the intrusion. MCI claims the product takes little programming knowledge to find the network intruder.
The DoS Tracker combats SYN, ICMP Flood, Bandwidth Saturation, and Concentrated Source, and the newly detected Smurf hacker attacks.
"Obviously, we can't guarantee the safety of other networks from all hacker activity, but we believe the networkMCI DoS Tracker provides ISPs and other network operators with a powerful tool that will help them protect their Internet assets," Rob Hagens, director of Internet Engineering.
The product is available for free from MCI's Web site.
| The Linux Network Administrators' Guide | FAME Computer Education TCPIP for Idiots Tutorial | RFC1180 | Introduction to the Internet Protocols |
Daryl's TCP-IP Primer Good and up-to-date primer...
Understanding IP addressing -- tutorial from 3Com
**** The Network Administrators' Guide -- the first several chapter contain good introduction to TCP/IP
Contents (fragment)
FAME Computer Education TCPIP for Idiots Tutorial
RFC1180 TCP/IP Tutorial by T. Socolofsky & C. Kale January 1991 (63 KBytes) -- old, but still decent is a tutorial (UK mirror RFC 1180)
TCP-IP and IPX Routing tutorial (mirror TCP-IP and IPX routing Tutorial )
Introduction to the Internet Protocols by Charles L. Hedrick. 3 July 1987 (Rutgers University). See also a mirror Introduction to TCPIP
Fast Guide to Subnets by Chuck Semeria (3Com)
Integrating Your Machine With the Network - good guide from USAIL
PC Magazine PC Tech (A Beginner's Guide to TCPIP)
An excellent collection of lecture notes at the University of Massachussetts. Detailed description of TCP and IP protocol design and implementation
Useful links -- The Network Management Online Library
PC Connectivity - TCP-IP, Winsock & Dial-up Internet Access -- useful but outdated
Charm Net Personal IP Page -- a lot of useful links
TCP-IP, Index A GUIDE TO TCP/IP INTERNETWORKING
Integrating Your Machine With the Network - very good guide from USAIL
Doing remote computing by issuing commands through electronic mail
Old and broken links
***+ TCP-IP Tutorial and Technical Overview -- a pretty decent and up to date IBM Redbook PDF
Table of Contents (old version was in HTML, now only PDF is available from the IBM site)
Part 1. Architecture and Core Protocols
Part 2. Special Purpose Protocols and New Technologies
Part 3. Connection Protocols and Platform Implementations
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Last modified: February 28, 2008