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Mounting CDROMs on Solaris

News Recommended Links Reference Bootable CDs and CD burining on Solaris Installation
Using vold Direct mounting using mount command Sharing CDROM  Unmounting the CD-ROM Drive Etc

Unix in general and Solaris in particular has the propensity to make simple tasks complex and mounting CDROM is one of such cases.  There are two main ways of mount CDROM on Solaris

Using vold

The simplest way to mount CDROM on Solaris is use vold daemon.  The vold daemon in Solaris manages the CD-ROM device and automatically performs the mounting similar to how Windows manages CDROMs (but not as transparent or reliable). If CD is detected in drive its should be  automatically mounted to the /cdrom/cdrom0 directory. If you are running File Manager, a separate File Manager window displays the contents of the CD-ROM.

If the /cdrom/cdrom0 directory is empty because the CD-ROM was not mounted, or if File Manager did not open a window displaying the contents of the CD-ROM the first step is to verify the vold daemon is running using the  command:

# pgrep vold

If vold is running, the system displays the process identification number of vold. If the system does not display anything, restart the daemon by entering the following command:

# /usr/sbin/vold &

If the vold daemon is running but did not mount the CD-ROM, stop the vold daemon process and then restart the daemon. To stop the vold process, you must know the process identification number. you can get it by entering this command:

# pgrep vold

Restart the vold process by entering the following command:

# pkill vold && /usr/sbin/vold &

Using direct mount command

If approach based on vold does not work you do try to do it via direct mount command. The first step is to determine the device which corresponds to the CDROM drive on you server or workstation.

CDROM on Solaris is usually linked to device /dev/sr0.  You can determine the name of the device by entering the following command: 

   ls -al /dev/sr* |awk '{print "/" $11}'

This command returns the name(s) of the CD-ROM devices on the server. For example, the command can return the string /dev/dsk/c0t6d0s2.

You can also get the device name in cxtydzsn format, associated with the CD drive:

% iostat -En

c1t0d0           Soft Errors: 149 Hard Errors: 0 Transport Errors: 0 
Vendor: MATSHITA Product: CDRW/DVD UJDA740 Revision: 1.00 Serial No:  
Size: 0.56GB <555350016 bytes>
Media Error: 0 Device Not Ready: 0 No Device: 0 Recoverable: 0 
Illegal Request: 149 Predictive Failure Analysis: 0
Here

After you determined the name of device for CDROM drive you can use mount command  (if  mounting directory for example /cdrom does not exit you need to create it  mkdir /cdrom; chmod a+rwx /cdrom ):

mount -F hsfs -r /dev/sr0 /cdrom

or

mount -F hsfs -o ro /dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0 /cdrom
 

to mount it (I would like to stress it again that directory /cdrom should exist and have proper permissions for operation to succeed).

After then you can check the results using  df command, for example

/                  (/dev/dsk/c0d0s0   ):11467100 blocks   959851 files
... ... ... 
/cdrom             (/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0 ):       0 blocks

If you want to simplify the mount process, you can add an entry to the /etc/vfstab file. Edit the /etc/vfstab file and add the following entry: 

/dev/dsk/cØt6dØs2  -  /cdrom   hsfs  -  no  ro

If you have UFS CDROM you can specify multiple entries, one for each typr of the filesystem, for example:


/dev/dsk/cØt6dØs2  -  /cdrom-hsfs hsfs -  no  ro
/dev/dsk/cØt6dØs2  -  /cdrom-ufs  ufs  -  no  ro

Sharing CDROM mounted on Remote server/workstation

Use a text editor to create an /etc/dfs/dfstab file, if one does not exist. Add the following line to the /etc/dfs/dfstab file:

share -F nfs -o ro /cdrom/cd1

Ensure your remote machine is enabled as an NFS server by entering the following command:

# ps -ef | grep nfs | grep -v grep

This indicates whether the following daemons are running: /usr/lib/nfs/nfsd and /usr/lib/nfs/mountd.

If these daemons are not running, you need to enable your machine as an NFS server by entering the following command:

# /etc/init.d/nfs.server start

If your machine is enabled as an NFS server, enter one of the following commands:

# share

or

# shareall

Log on as superuser on target machine. Then create a /cdrom directory, if one does not already exist, by entering the following command:

# mkdir -p /cdrom/cd1



Now you can mount the remote CD-ROM  as NFS filesystem using command


# /usr/sbin/mount -r remote_machine_name:/cdrom/cd1 /cdrom/cd1 


Unmounting the CD-ROM Drive


You need to move out of the CDROM directory to successfully unmount it: 



# cd / && umount /cdrom/cdrom0  





If CDROM is mounted via NFS from remote computer you need unmount it in two places.




	

		

			

				
				mments

				

				The typical problem is that some process is still using the 
				mounted filesystem. The fuser 
				utility lists processes using a file or files in a filesystem.  
				To determine what processes may be preventing a filesystem's 
				amount, the -c switch 
				should be used: 

 

					

						fuser -c /cdrom 
					

				

				
This command will list the process ids of processes with open 
				files in the filesystem mounted under /mnt. The characters 
				following the pid provide additional information about the file:
				

				
    
					c - the process is using the file as its current working 
					directory 
    
					m - the file is mapped with mmap 
    
					o - the process is using it as an open file 
    
					r - the file is the root directory of the process 
    
					t - the process is accessing the file as a text file 
    
					y - this file is the controlling terminal for the process
    
					
    
 
    
					
    
						
    
							
    
								
    
									
    
									
									Add a comment
									
    Add to: 
    
									
									Add to del.icio.usAdd to FURLAdd to SPURL
    
									
    Before unmounting a filesystem, Solaris 
									checks to ensure that no files are open to 
									prevent loss of data. The following are 
									steps that can be followed when a filesystem 
									won't unmount.
    
									
    The fuser 
									utility lists processes using a file or 
									files in a filesystem. It's To determine 
									what processes may be preventing a 
									filesystem's umount, the
									-c 
									switch must be used as running this command 
									as root: 
    
									
    
 
    
									
    
										fuser -c /mnt 
    
										/mnt:    19504tm   19492tm   19460tm
    
									

    
									This command will list the process ids of 
									processes with open files in the filesystem 
									mounted under /mnt. The characters following 
									the pid provide additional information about 
									the file: 
    
									
    
 
    
									
      
										c - the process is using the file as its 
										current working directory 
      
										m - the file is mapped with mmap 
      
										o - the process is using it as an open 
										file 
      
										r - the file is the root directory of 
										the process 
      
										t - the process is accessing the file as 
										a text file 
      
										y - this file is the controlling 
										terminal for the process
    
									
    
									
    
									A useful option for fuser is
									-u 
									which adds the username owning the process 
									to the display: 
    
									
    
 
    
										fuser -cu /mnt 
    
										/mnt:    19504tm(root)   19492tm(root)  
										 19460tm(qmchenry)
    
									

    
									If you feel comfortable killing the 
									processes reported by fuser, you can do it 
									in one quick blow with the
									-k 
									option: 
    
									
    
 
    
									
    
										fuser -ck /mnt
    
									

    
									This sends the SIGKILL signal to each 
									process which is the same as running
									kill
									pid 
									to each process. 
    
									
    
									However, before you go to this extreme, 
									perhaps the most common reason a filesystem 
									won't unmount is because you (or a previous 
									shell you used) has its current working 
									directory in that filesystem.
    
							
    
						
    
					
    
				

			

		

	





	

		
		

			

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Old News



SUMMARY 
howto mount a cdrom in solaris



	Brent Bailey
	
	mrb at bmyster.com 

	Wed May 19 17:36:33 EDT 2004
	

	
	
again.. i want to thank the following people Bhavesh Shah and Debbie for
giving a clue to my question..

QUESTION: how do you mount a cdrom in solaris

SUMMARY:
Bhavesh Shah  said:

1) just make sure automountd daemon is running - if not start it from
/etc/init.d - /etc/init.d/autofs start
then mount insert the cdrom and it will be automatically mounted.
2) mount -F hsfs /dev/dsk/cxtxdxs2 /mnt


Debbie said:

If you have vold running (via /etc/init.d/volmgt) it will
mount automatically.  To have it mount immediately, you
can run "volcheck" (or "volcheck -v" for more information).

Then to eject it, type "eject cdrom" at the prompt (the
button on the device won't work).  Also, if it's a
CDW or CDRW, you need to turn off vold before trying
to write (or even run "cdrecord --scanbus").


again ,,,thank you





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IBM/Mounting the CD-ROM (Solaris Operating Environment) 


Mounting Solaris CDROMs. 
If you do not have CDROM burner you can mount ISO images directly




Mounting and Unmounting the Essentials CD-ROM on Solaris




Mounting a CD Brief chet car for mounting CDROMs on different flavours of Unix.



 


Reference


docs.sun.com System 
Administration Guide Devices and File Systems



 











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Last modified: 
August 08, 2009