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patch is used with the output of diff, the so-called context diffs between two items, to make selective changes. A typical use of patch is to update your copy of a program's source code. The code has changed very little, so it makes more sense to download only context diffs, or patches, rather than downloading the entire distribution. In this case, the diffs cover entire directories, not just individual files.
Almost all context diffs are applied to a subdirectory. The syntax is
then patch -pnumber < patch_name. (That is, the
file is used as redirected input to the command.) The number depends on
how deep the subdirectory lies below the current directory. A patch will
generally include instructions for where to place it and what number to
use.
Patch (computing) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Last modified: August 08, 2009